Byzantium origin of Russ and Rurikovich’s

Presentation (illustrations) to the report, record a file:
Illustrations

On our hypothesis term Rusa, Russia is one of names of the mythological God–Father of all earthmen. It is personified with the Sun and carries out duties of the God of the Sun. In Bulgarian vaults [1] it name Kubara. We think also, that term Rusa, Russia means color of hair and leather of the person, appearance, type Indo-European. In the beginning the Sort of Russ has located in territory of northern Volga region in 3600-3500 B.C. that corresponds to dating of occurrence of a human civilization on Kurgan hypothesis Maria Gimbutas's [2-9], and also researches of the author [10].

We believe that the imperial sort going from the God–Father has received the name Rusa–Russia. Places of residing and reign of a sort of Russia had no value as Russia introduced the religious customs and beliefs on new territories of Eurasia. For the first time in the kept historical chronicles the name of Russia appears after 1200 B.C. in Mesopotamia. This moving has been caused by the sharp climatic and geophysical changes which have occurred per 1300-1200 B.C., and followed for them by mass resettlement Indo-European from territory of the Volga region and Altai on the south of continent.

Travel of the Sort of Russ on a planet can be tracked on signs on imperial authority at different peoples. In fact in due course people began to represent the Sun and the God–Sun the certain symbols. According to our hypothesis, the image of the God of the Sun was considered as an embodiment of the God - Father at the ancient person. The symbolic of the God - Father became property of a sort of tsars. It is familiar the God - Father and his lineal descendants there was a half moon with the image above a sickle of the Sun. We shall note that it not a flat sickle, and the three-dimensional object reminding a bagel or horns of a buffalo.

For the first time such symbol meets in artifacts of ancient Sumer and Assyria dated in III millennium B.C. The name of the main deity Sumer-Akkad gods was Assur (Ashur) [11, 12]. At return perusal it is simple Russa. In the beginning Assur - Russa was the god - patron of hunting and was represented more often as the hunter with an onions together with bulls – favorite animals of Assyrians. The temple of this god in Ashur carried Sumer name E-harsag-kur-kurra that means « House of mountain of the grounds » on one of versions. Actually personal name Assur-Russa was "Kurra", and on Bulgarian to data Kubara. In due course Assur - Russa has received all regalia of the master of the universe, the creator and the organizer of space and has become the Father of gods. Official historians adhere to this opinion.

We think that Assur - Russa from the very beginning was the Father of gods, the creator and the master of the universe. For this reason the sort of tsar of tsars has one of first, ancient names Russa or Russia. On the other hand at ancient Bulgarian – Euro Asian peoples a name of the Uniform God it is Tangra. In Bulgarian annals it is marked, that gradually Supreme God Tangra began to be personified good luck Sun Kubara.

The sculptural image of Assur as the person with the onions, flying in a chariot as a circle with the big stylized wings from feathers is widely known. Inside a circle there is a cross and some crosspieces. On it the chariot of the God or chariot of Kubara with which help Russa-Assur moved by the ground and the universe is actually represented. In Arias Vedas she refers to vaitman. Others were kept also Sumer artifacts where the symbol of imperial authority and the God of the Sun is shown is a half moon and an eight-final star which sometimes drew with six ends.

Except for Assyrians civilizations, after 1200 B.C. there was an empire of Urartu (the predecessor of Armenia). In IX-V centuries B.C. in Urartu there was a whole dynasty of tsars with name Rusa.

The sort of tsar of tsars dominated in all large and powerful states of the ancient world, including in Egypt. The stylized image of a symbol of imperial authority in the Egyptian art was displayed in crowns of Pharaohs, figures of bugs skorobey, horns of bulls and buffaloes, wings of gods and the eagles combined as a half moon. The top of a symbol of imperial authority was lit up with a solar disk, or a multi beam star.

The similar picture is observed in the Roman history. On numerous coins we see all the same sign on an imperial sort – half moon with a multi beam star. The figured half moon with the sun towers above staffs of banners and standard ancient Rome. To one of variants of a sign on tsar of tsars began Labarum – Constantine Great invention.

With the advent of Christianity in I a century instead of the sun began to represent a life-giving cross, having united an ancient symbol with new religion, which else it was formed pending arrival of the Savior. Thus admitted, that the Savior will be given birth only in a sort of tsar of tsars of Assur - Russa or Kubara. Such images of a half moon with a cross were kept in ancient monasteries and on coins.

Bulgarian has named a sign on imperial authority baltavar. There are all some kinds of baltavars which till now are used in heraldry of royal dynasties, in Christianity, an Islam and Judaism. So the sign on a sort of tsars has got to Rurikovich, becoming their family symbol. Signs as a diving falcon (the arms of Ukraine) and the image of a half moon with David's star on arms Rurikovich and in Orthodox temples are most known.

On our researches by the ideological inspirer of Christianity and expectation of arrival of the Savior the Roman emperor Tit Vespasian Flavius who has got in Old Testament under name Abraham was. The name of dynasty Flavius goes from Latin word Flavius is fair-haired, blond, gold-haired or Russ. Literally Flavius means Russ. We believe that agrees Bulgarian to the data [1] 3 volume, page 90, the first Flavius corresponds legendary Bulgarian I reign I Tash-Bash in a deep voice or Ayr – Tash Artan (7-150), counts son Kubara, that is the Tsar – God of the Sun. The first tsar Bulgarian sorts the Dulo, the founder Hon dynasties, became son Tash-Bash by name Aga-Ruja (Red Aga).

We believe, that Aga-Ruja it corresponds to the Roman emperor Flavius Valerius Constantius Chlorus, the well-known tsar Prusa I, it antiquated Isaac. In several places Jagfar Tarihi [1] his name was transferred, as Aga-Ruja, that is Red, it Chlorus or flavovirent. Besides name Aga-Ruja is conformable Aga-Rusa.

The second tsar of Hon dynasties the Dulo was Barynjar (board on a source in 235-271 [1] 3 volume, page 90). Other name Barynjar is Baris which is a version of name Kubara [1] 3 volume, page 125. Baris the most glorified Idel-Bulgarian tsar I Hon (Hun) of a dynasty. Baris-Kubara it is identified by us with Emperor Flavius Valery Constantine, Sacred of Christian church. It has got in Old Testament under name Jacob (the Ya-cube on Arabian). Sacred Constantine has worked hard for development of Christianity. Therefore it is no wonder, that symbols and signs Bulgarian sorts the Dulo, the Roman emperors and Christianity completely coincide.

Thus, the first occurrence of a name of Russia in our era in 9 is connected with it come Flavius (Russ), known under the Roman chronicles. Then in Asia Minor the throne of Russ which empire Bithynia with capital the city of Prusa, according to our hypothesis, is has appeared. The first tsar Prusa it was Prusa I, Flavius Valerius Constantius Chlorus. The second tsar of Prusa became his son - Prusa II, it Flavius Valerius Aurelius Constantine Great. According to the Roman data Konstantin up to a recognition his emperor of Rome just lived with mother Elena in Nicodemia (modern Izmit), that borders on area of the city of Prusa (modern Bursa and area Yalova), or in Bithynia, in Prusa. On our reconstruction board Prusa I was in 224-272, and his son Constantine, Prusa II – in 272-305.

One of Constantine Great sons or Baris-Kubara according to Bulgarian chronicles was Budimir, Balamir, Balamber-Shek, Shek-Alp (Hagan in 363-378) sorts the Dulo which has generated the ancient Bulgarian-Sarmatian state, has carried out military and social reforms.

Balamir it is identified by us with emperor of New Rome Flavius Valens (emperor 364-378) Flavius Julius Valens which was lost in fight with West Goths. "Body" of emperor have not found, in fact it has been buried as Balamir at top of mountain where have constructed a huge monument as symbols of a sort the Dulo - Russ. On this place, have been buried his son Alp-By, it Flavius Theodosius and Muenchak (Mundzuk), it Flavius Arcadius – Father of Attila [13] later.

Balamir-Valens has generated an army Bulgarian on new principles. At it in the middle of IV century the military rank "Urus" for the first time has appeared. We believe that the name "Urus" is connected to soldiers of guards of tsar - "Urus’s", living with the families, basically, in vicinities of the city of Prusa. Literally "U-Rus" is means people of tsar of Russ. In due course "Urus’s" have started to refer to Vikings or Varyags, becoming primogenitors of Russian people.

On Bulgarian to the data [1], 2 volume, page 138:

Urus (uris) - big, great. It was kept in Bulgarian names of Idel and Hun shock groups ("Urus"), western Bulgarian - Kara - Bulgarian (« Urus Bulgaria »), the states Bulgarian 7 - 9 centuries (« Urus Bulgaria » - « Great Bulgaria »), Black Sea (« Kara or Urus Dingez » - « Great Sea »), in some terms (« Urus kapka » - « the big gate », « urus atna kunu » - « the big week day (Sunday) » and in other). From the name of a part Urus Bulgaria, merged with Slavs of the East Europe, has taken place the name "Rusich" - "Rusin" - "Russian", and from name Urus Bulgaria – names of Russian state (Russ - Russia) later, Bulgarian names the Kara or Urus Dingiz (the Great Sea) began to understand as "Black Sea" though in this case "Kara" meant "great" and was a synonym of a word "urus".

We think that the commentator Bulgarian chronicles simplifies sense of the name "urus" which is connected actually to service to a sort of tsars of Russ which epithet could be words "great", "big". In the first centuries of our era the word Prusa-Russ yet has not received sense of the name of territory of the state as this region had more ancient nickname – Bithynia, a part of Thrace and Asia Minor. Only in the middle of IX century the new state which has received the self-name Russ or Khaganate of Russ was generated.

There is also North Iranian a version which insists that antonym "dews" has other, than "Russ", an origin, being considerably more ancient. Supporters of this opinion also originating from M.V. Lomonosov, mark, that fantastic people "grew" (literally on Syrian sounds as epoc or xpoc) for the first time mention in VI century in « the Church History » Zachariah Ritor [14] where it is located in Northern Black Sea Coast:

« People next to them epoc, men with huge finite nesses which do not have weapon and which horses because of their finite nesses cannot carry »

From this point of view of it erect to Iranian language (Sarmatian) tribes Rocsolan’s or Rosomon’s, mentioned by antique authors. This version is most full proved O.N.Trubachyovym [15]:

*ruksi "light"> *rutsi> *russi>Russ.

The variant of this theory was developed by G.V. Vernadsky who placed initial territory Russ in delta of Kuban and believed that they have acquired the name from Rocsolan’s (« light Alan’s ») which, in his opinion, were a part of Ant’s [16]. Thus it counted a ruling layer Russ ethnic Scandinavians.

In 60th years of XX century the Ukrainian archeologist D.T. Berezovets has suggested to identify with Russ is Alan population of Don. Now this hypothesis is developed by E.S. Galkina [17].
In the Ossetian language, being modern successor Sarmat-Alan language as there are words ruhs (Iron’s a dialect) and rohs (Digor’s a dialect), that means light.

After IV century in the Roman, Byzantium, European and Arabian chronicles words Russ, Russian even more often began to meet. We shall stop more in detail on the kept sources.

Originally in Europe and the Mediterranean the word Russ, Russian was an epithet red, complexion, color of hair, beautiful. On our hypothesis the basis of such conformity lays in shape of the first representatives of dynasty Flavius, including Constantius Chlorus which nickname means a shade of red, beautiful color. Bulgarian name Constantius is Aga-Ruja (Rusa) directly speaks about red color. Hence, the version of the name of Russ on a redness of persons proceeds not from Byzantines, and from external observers. Gradually external name has turned to the self-name Russ.

Mixture of the name Russ and red color in the Greek language is illustrated by a characteristic example when in translation with Greek [18] modern Russian-speaking translator writes to Chronograph of Theophanous about a campaign of Byzantines in 774:

« Constantine has set fleet from two thousand courts consisting, against Bulgaria, and sowing on Russian court, intended to be floating to the river Danube ».

Actually, probably, meant imperial the court, decorated with purple. The Latin translator Roman daddies, librarian Anastas who translated Chronograph of Theophanous at the end of IX century, and has transferred the Greek word ρουσια in rubea (red).

In a number of annals traces of were kept that early data on Russia also connected with the period of board of the Byzantium tsarina Irina (797-802 [19]. In opinion of the researcher of annals M.N. Tikhomirov these data occur from the Byzantium church sources [20].

Also there is a mention of Russ in late record (1680) Jacob Reitenfels about events of times of the Byzantium emperor Michael I (811-813) on [21]:

" In 810 emperor the Greek Michael Kuropalat waged with variable success war with Bulgarian, supported Russian. The same Russian helped Krunn, I reign Bulgarian, at a capture him of the richest city of Mezembria when it has put emperor terrible defeat "

The capture Bulgarian Mezembria concerns to November 1, 812, but these data in an official historiography were not developed yet. Not clear, where exactly lived mentioned "Russian" and what their ethnic accessory [22].

The first, accepted by all historians documentary fixed the mention of people of dews, concerns to 839, in Annales Bertiniani [22]. The Byzantium emperor Theophil has directed ambassadors of Francs to Emperor Luis Good with the message:

« Those who of, that is people named Dews which their king, a prorank Hagan, has sent earlier so that they have declared friendship to it, asking by means of the mentioned letter as they could receive [it] favor of emperor, an opportunity to return, and also the help through all his authority. It has not wanted, that they came back those [ways] and would get in strong danger because ways on which they went to it to Constantinople, they made among barbarians of very severe and terrible peoples. Very carefully having investigated the reason of their arrival, emperor has learned, that they from people sweon [Swedes] as it is considered, more likely scouts, than applicants of friendship of that kingdom and ours, it has ordered to keep them at itself until could open truly it … »

« The story of time years » [23] carries attack to the moment of occurrence of the extensive state of Russia Russ to Constantinople in 860, dating it is erroneous 866 and connecting it with a private campaign of specific Kiev princes Ascold and Dir.

Therefore 862 accepted for readout of Russian statehood, most likely conditional date. On one of versions Kiev chronics [23] has chosen 862 on the basis of memory of the so-called first christening of the Russ which has followed soon after attack of 860. With campaign 860 if literally to trust the text of the annals, its author connected the beginning of Russian ground:

« In a year 6360 (852), Indict 15 when Michael started to reign, Russ ground began to be nicknamed. We have learned about it because at this tsar there came Russ to Tsar Grad as it is written about it in the annals Greek ».

In the subsequent calculations reporter 318 years, from Constantine up to Michael these 542 years are told, that « from Christmases up to Constantine, thus, in the annals year of the beginning of board of the Byzantium emperor Michael III is incorrectly named.

There is a point of view that under 6360 reporter meant 860. It is specified on the Alexandria era which historians also name Antioch (for its recalculation in modern it is necessary to take away 5500 years). However specified Indict corresponds to 852.

On Bulgarian to the data [1] and our hypothesis the senior son of Emperor Constantine Blind, it Hagan Kadram (Karanjar), by name the Lion had Bulgarian name Urus Aydar (797-855). In Russian pronunciation Urus there is simply Russ. We believe that Urus Aydar has inherited a throne of Russia in the city of Prusa, Bithynia. Inhabitants Bithynia and referred to "Urus’s", "Russ". The aggressive part of Russ had the self-name – Varyags (Vikings). They made the most efficient part of armies of Bulgarian Hagan’s, including Hagan Urus Aydar. After death of the Father the matured Urus Aydar in 815 became tsar of the western part of Great Bulgaria with capital in the city of Bashtu - Kiev. The region had Bulgarian the name the Kara – Bulgaria. With Aydar's board Urus this part the Kara – Bulgaria began to refer to Ak-Urus or Urus Ulus. There is an assumption what exactly Urus Aydar's empire has received from Europeans and Arabs name Khaganate of Russ [24].

In first half IX centuries inhabitants Bithynia Urus-Vikings began to render habitable actively northern territories of modern Ukraine, Baltic and Russia. This expansion began still in VII-VIII centuries at reign Hagan Kubrat and his sons. Urus-Vikings used for navigation on the seas and the rivers small oars-sailing court which have appeared during antique times.

It agrees « Stories of time years » [23]:

« Those Varyags others urmane [Norwegians] and anglyane called Russ as others refer to svei [Swedes], and other Gotha [gotlandci] »

Rurik-Lacin the Clear falcon has been called to correct by Novgorodian in 862. In the annals [23] the following is told:

« Have told to Russ chud, sloveni, krivichi and all: " Our Earth is great and plentiful, and the order in it is not present. Come to reign and own us " ».

Old Russian reporters [23] simply mark:

« From those Varyags (Vikings) Russia ground was nicknamed ».

When Prophetic Oleg in 882 has gone to Kiev, in transfer of breeding structure of his armies chud (the collective name of some the Finnish tribes) costs on the first place after Varyags and before Slavs. In the Russ-Byzantium contract 912 Varyags with the Scandinavian names name themselves « from a sort of Russ ». Thus the text of the contract is translation with Greek on Slavic language, and does not reflect the initial form of the self-name Varyags Prophetic Oleg. That is in the text of the contract the name Russ in the Greek language which, probably, differed from their self-name has initially been written down, but kept in return translation into Slavic language.

Al Vasudi [24] in 1-st half X of century explained sense of the name:

« Byzantines name them [Russ] Russia, sense of this [word] - „ red, red “ ».

In the traveling descriptions Arabs especially mark a redness of persons of Russ and Slavs. Not quite clearly, they in a kind had a color or consequences of the sun for northern persons. Ibn Faldan, meeting Russ in 922 so they described [25]:

« They are similar to palm trees, ruddy, red ».

While « the Story of time years » (XII century) [23] informs only, that Varyags are called because of the sea, Voskresensk’s the annals (the middle of XVI century) [26] specifies Prussia, ostensibly territory between Vistula and Neman, occupied Baltic tribes:

« And from Prusa the fourth on ten knee Rurik. And in that time in Novograd some the elder name Gostomisl, death live, and call owner real with him Novograd, and speak: „ advise I allow to you, yes send to the ground Prusa good man and will call prince from local sorts “ … And ambassadors of Novgorod are more gone in the Prussian ground, get than prince Rurik ».

In the same place [26] there is such version of occurrence eponym Russ:

« And coming Sloven from Danube and live at lake Ladoga, both from come and set about lake Ilmen, and call other name, and call Russ river for the sake of Russ, near come to lake Ilmen ».

According to our hypothesis Rurik, it the Lachin-Clear falcon from sort of Russ-blew, has come with team of Urus-Varyags from the city of Prusa, therefore it is clear, that it has brought with itself and name Russ (Russia). We shall result reconstruction genealogic tree of Rurik-Lachin, Table 1.

Table 1. Genealogic tree of Rurik from August of Ancient Rome

1. Tash-Bash, son of Kubara (7-150), Flavius Titus Vespasianus (was born 17.11.9, death, probably, in 184 or 150, emperor of Rome), wife is Flavius Domicilla.
2. Shada Banat, Aga Ruja, Prusa I (224-272), Russ, Flavius Constantius Valerius Chlorus (was born, it is probable in 120, has died in 306, emperor 305-306), the wife concubines Sacred Elena (230-327).
3. Kubara-Baris, Prusa II (272-305), Flavius Valerius Aurelius Constantine (was born, probably, in 250, has died in 337, emperor 306-337).
4. Balamir, Nalamber, Budimir (Hagan 363-378), emperor Flavius Valens (364-378).
5. Arbat, Alp-Biy, Alp-Abay (Hagan 378-402), Flavius Theodosius Great (emperor 378-395), time of a life (346-402).
6. Mubdzuk, Flavius Arcadius (emperor 395-408), time of a life (377-405).
7. Attila (Hagan 406-453), it Flavius Aetius, it Theodosius II (408-450).
8. Irnik (Hagan 463-489), Zenon Isavr (474-491). Empire of Attila.
9. Masgut (Hagan 489-505), Empire of Attila.
10. Mundro, Rean, Tatra Banat (Hagan 505-520), Anastasias I (491-518), Empire of Attila.
11. Boyan (Hagan 535-590), Avarian Khaganate.
12. Askal (Hagan 590-593), Avarian Khaganate.
13. Alburi (Hagan 593-602), Avarian Haganate.
14. Kubrat (was born 570, Great Hagan 605-665), it Heraclius (610-641) Flavius Haraclius Augustus, Great Bulgaria. His younger brother is Shambat, VII century, Great Hagan of Duloba, Great Hagan of Great Bulgaria.
15. Bath Bayan (Great Hagan 665-683), Constantine IV (668-685), Great Bulgaria.
16. Sulabi (Great Hagan 700-727), it Justinian II Rinomet (685-695, 705-711), Great Bulgaria.
17. Aiar, the Avar (Hagan 727-759), it is Leo III Isavr (717-741), Great Bulgaria.
18. Karadjar, Kardam (Hagan 787-805), it Constantine of VI Blind (780-797).
19. Rus Aydar (Hagan 805-855), Theophil (829-842).
20. Rurik (822-879), Hagan Lachin (Clear falcon), Lakapin, Emperor Constantine (869-879).

If in the Russ-Byzantium contract in 912 (Prophetic Oleg's contract) are not quite clear, whether all inhabitants of Russ, or only Varyags-Russ in the Russ-Byzantium contract in 944 (Igor Rurikovich's contract) the name Russ is distributed on « all people of the grounds of Russ » referred to Russ.

Fragment of the text of the contract of Igor with Greeks from 944 (945 on the displaced dating [23]):

« If to strike sword or peak, or the end of any weapon Russian to Greek or Greek to Russian, yes that dividing a sin to pay silver liter 5, under the law Russian »

Here "Greek" is the inhabitant of Byzantium, the Greek is used in value; value of the term "Russian" is disputable: or «the representative of people Russia», or «the inhabitant of Russia».
Even in the earliest variants which have reached us of «the Russian truth» Russ already completely it is equal in rights with Slavs:

« The husband of the husband will kill to revenge the brother of the brother, or the son of the Father, like to the Father of the son, or brother, or sister to the son. If who will not revenge, 40 grivnas for a head if will be Russian or Greek, either merchant, oryabednik, or mechnik. If the derelict will be or the Slav 40 grivnas to put for him »

In later editions of Contracts of a word "Russian" and "Slav" go continuous transfer. Or instead of "Russian" there is "townspeople". Thus there are, for example, penalties in the size of 80 grivnas for princely tivun.

In a fragment of the contract of Smolensk with Germans of XIII century [27] word "Rousin" is meant already by " the Russian soldier »:

« German not call on field Rousin beat in Rize and on Goth to birch, Rousin do not call German on a fieldbeat Smolensk »

On Bulgarian annals [1] by XI century western and northern Ulus’s of Great Bulgaria began to be called as Russ and to cope Princess of Russ. For 300 years in IX-XI centuries of the board the Kiev Russ Princess of Russ gradually assimilated Slav-Turk-Ugor the population of modern Russia, Ukraine and Belarus. New people have received the self-name from the Sort of Russ–Russian people. Therefore the name Russian is an adjective, meaning the person from people assimilated by Russia.

Thus, we see as a word Russ-Russia, meaning one of names of the ancient God–Father of all earthmen, began to mean a name of Great Russian people. So began to refer to and the state - Russia, based It come from Russ–Rurikovich, accepted Orthodoxy in IX century. In the wonderful image the name of the God–Father who has appeared in the Volga region more 5500 years ago, has again returned through Byzantium to Central Russian upland. It is no wonder and an epithet Sacred Russ, meaning an accessory to the imperial Sort of the God–Father given to a civilization of all prophets and ancient gods. Better qualities of Russ, Rurikovich, Varyags and tsars the Russian people, being to the world has genetically absorbed in itself the terrible qualities of soldiers, and also fearless, courageous, enterprising and talented people.

On April 20, 2010

Kubarev Valery Viktorovich

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[24] Т. М. Калинина, Арабские учёные о нашествии норманнов на Севилью в 844 году — в статье приведена выдержка из сочинений Абуль-Хасана Али ибн-Хуссейна, известного под прозванием Аль-Масуди,
http://www.ulfdalir.narod.ru/literature/articles/seville.htm
[25] Ибн-Фадлан. «Записка» о путешествии на Волгу, http://www.hist.msu.ru/ER/Etext/fadlan.htm
[26] Воскресенская летопись, XVI век.
[27] Договор Смоленска с немцами, XIII век. http://www.hist.msu.ru/ER/Etext/RP/smolensk.htm